However, the government did maintain a Colored Corps unit at Niagara until 1850. In Lower Canada many French habitants were suffering from famine and the accumulation of huge debts due to poor harvests. During the 1830s, a third of the bank's board were Legislative or Executive Councillors, and the remainder all magistrates. The revolt in Lower Canada was the more serious and violent of the two. In total, three men — two rebels and one loyalist — lost their lives. The Compact dominated the running of the government. After the first rebellion in 1837, normal civil rights were suspended by the application of martial law and Lord Durham was named Governor of all British North America. [30], The next day Mackenzie convinced John Rolph that a rebellion could be successful and happen without anyone being killed. The Upper Canada Rebellion was a lost attempt for change, which, at first, just resulted in severe punishment, such as death, flogging, hanging, and à  transportationà  , for the rebels. The Upper Canadian rebels were in favor for the American Revolution and felt a similar revolution was needed in Upper Canada. Scholars for Upper Canada such as Stanely Ryerson a Marxist support the idea that the rebellion was a bourgeoisie democratic revolution. On 8 January 1838, the Upper Canadian militia and a 50-man Coloured Corps under the command of Black community leader Josiah Henson captured the sailboat Anne. The new Tory-dominated Legislature passed laws that exacerbated tensions including continuing the Legislative session after the death of the King, prohibiting members of the Legislature from serving as Executive Councillors, making it easier to sue indebted farmers, protecting the Bank of Upper Canada from bankruptcy, and giving Legislative Councillors charters for their own banks. [16] The Reform-dominated Assembly responded by refusing to pass the money bill, which halted the payment of salaries and pensions to many government workers. [57] The rebels raided a mail coach, stole the passenger's money and looked for information about the progress of the rebellion in London, Ontario. Give the province of Canada responsible Government. Representative Government. [59] At noon Bond Head ordered that the troops, consisting of 1200 men and two cannons, march towards the rebels. [44] When Rolph and Baldwin returned to Bond Head, they were informed that the government's offer had been withdrawn. Any answers will help, thnx This is particularly true for the rebellion in Upper Canada. Consequences of Rebellion in Upper Canada: The Durham Report suggested that Upper Canada and Lower Canada be united into one colony. Causes of the The united Province of Canada came into being in 1841. Britain He persuaded his more radical followers to draft a republican constitution for Upper Canada modelled on that of the United States. Cross and R.L. In Lower Canada it was mostly a call for independence in order to preserve the French way of life and to pursue Canadien financial interests. [49] Meanwhile, Bond Head proposed a negotiating session with rebel leaders to Marshall Spring Bidwell, who declined. [17] The movement was disappointed when Bond Head made it clear he had no intention of consulting the Executive Council in the daily operations of the administration. [34] Mackenzie printed broadsheets listing grievances and a call to arms to communities surrounding Toronto. It was initially thought that the Toronto rebellion was successful, contributing to Charles Duncombe wanting to rise up as well. [29] Reformers such as Thomas David Morrison opposed this plan and the meeting ended without consensus on what to do next. [52] A group of twenty-six men led by Samuel Jarvis met the rebels on their march and fired upon them before running away. While public grievances had existed for years, it was the rebellion in Lower Canada (present-day Quebec), which started the previous month, that emboldened rebels in Upper Canada to revolt. Mackenzie also attacked other travellers and robbed them or questioned them about the revolt. Political unrest developed in both Upper and Lower Canada soon after the War of 1812. [32] Mackenzie sought out support in rural communities but he also proclaimed that an armed rebellion would happen on December 7 and assigned Samuel Lount and Anthony Anderson as commanders. The Executive Council resigned, provoking widespread discontent and an election in 1834. [31] Rolph convinced Morrison to support the rebellion but they also told Mackenzie to get confirmation of support from rural communities. Relations between the appointed Legislative Council and the elected Legislative Assembly became increasingly strained in the years after the war, over issues of immigration, taxation, banking and land speculation. [5] Their administrative roles were intimately tied to their business activities. This contributed to economic hardship and increased unemployment throughout the province. That afternoon a sentinel reported the government force's arrival from Gallows Hill. Asked by Wiki User. Join the two colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada into one colony called the Province of Canada. 1 Answer. [20] Reformers such as Mackenzie and Samuel Lount lost their seats in the Legislature and they alleged that the election was fraudulent. Mackenzie disagreed and wanted to attack the government troops. In spite this perversion of history, growing poverty and injustices did induce a movement of resistance which began to take the form of republican “patriot movements” under the leadership of William Lyon Mackenzie in Upper Canada and Louis-Joseph Papineau in Lower Canada- both of whom would come to a head in the Rebellions of 1837-38 (aka: the second missed chance). The rebellion of lower Canada ended when upper & lower cananda became one due to the government wanting one country not two halves. However, the remaining rebels thought their comrades [21], On July 10, 1832, US President Andrew Jackson vetoed the bill for the refinancing of the Second Bank of the United States, causing a depression in the Anglo-American world. Mackenzie went to the United States mainland where he was arrested for violating the Neutrality Act.[69]. The disapproval of this was strongest among the so-called late Loyalists and their descendants. [41], Rolph tried to warn Mackenzie about the warrant for his arrest but could not find him so delivered the message to Lount instead. In, Buckner, Phillip A. , "Rebellion in Upper Canada". See Answer. Buckner, P., Rebellion in Upper Canada (2019). for service during the rebellions. I need this info for a school history project, i need to know the post-rebellion outcomes. During 1838, the rebels continued to send expeditions across the border. On their way, the rebels ran into a picket of about 20 loyalists who opened fire. After the rebellion, the British Government sent a man called Lord Durham to investigate the situation and he spent five month in the colony and wrote a long report. The Upper Canada Rebellion was, along with the Patriotes Rebellion in Lower Canada, a rebellion against the colonial government in 1837 and 1838.Collectively they are also known as the Rebellion of 1837, while the Patriotes Rebellion is also called the Lower Canada Rebellion.. While these rebellions differed in that they also struggled for republicanism, they were inspired by similar social problems stemming from poorly regulated oligarchies, and sought the same democratic ideals, which were also shared by the United Kingdom's Chartists.[1][2][3]. In 1834, he became the first mayor of Toronto. Political Corruption was the main cause of both Rebellions, in lower Canada it was due to the Colonial administration favouring English colonists and ignoring the needs of the French colonists. [74], Paul Romney explains this failure of historical imagination as the outcome of an explicit strategy adopted by reformers in the face of charges of disloyalty to Britain in the wake of the Rebellions of 1837. They were the leading members of the administration: executive councillors, legislative councillors, senior officials and some members of the judiciary. They were easily dispersed by government volunteers under the command of Sir Allan Napier MacNab. Upper Canada | Lower Canada | Northwest Rebellion. "Rebellion in Upper Canada". The Upper Canada Rebellion was against the government of British colony of Upper Canada in December 1837. more moderate lines. Many of the grievances which underlay the Rebellion involved the provisions of the Constitutional Act of 1791, which had created Upper Canada's political framework. Protestant groups. Sir Francis Bond Head, the new lieutenant-governor, was sent to Upper Canada to appease the reformers in the Assembly. The news of chaos in Lower Canada reached the people of Upper Canada in October of 1837. Rebellions of 1837, also known as Rebellions of 1837–38, rebellions mounted in 1837–38 in each colony of Upper and Lower Canada against the British Crown and the political status quo. Mackenzie printed the declaration in his newspaper and toured communities north of Toronto to encourage citizens to make similar declarations. For example, William Allan "was an executive councillor, a legislative councillor, President of the Toronto and Lake Huron Railroad, Governor of the British American Fire and Life Assurance Company and President of the Board of Trade. Although initially believing the government's position was untenable he was inspired by a company of men that formed to defend the government. Farmers organised target practice sessions and forges in the Home District and Sim… Murray, and Barry Wright (2 vol 1996, 2002), This page was last edited on 2 January 2021, at 01:59. The Fenian Raids happened while Canada was slowly moving towards Confederation. [54], On Tuesday night MacNab arrived in Toronto with sixty men from the Hamilton area. Fitzgibbon's call to arm a militia was also denied and he refused an armed guard at the Government's House and City Hall. The Lower Canada Rebellion (French: La rébellion du Bas-Canada), commonly referred to as the Patriots' War (French: la Guerre des patriotes) by Quebecers, is the name given to the armed conflict between the rebels of Lower Canada (now Quebec) and the British colonial power of that province. [60], Anthony Van Egmond arrived at the tavern on December 7 and encouraged the rebel leaders to disperse, as he felt the rebellion would not be a success. As a rare instance of armed insurgency in British North America, the 1837 Rebellion in what is now Ontario allows insight into the thinking and aspirations of early settlers. The Upper Canada Rebellion was largely defeated shortly after it began, although resistance lingered until 1838. Amid these tensions, there was also economic depression in the 1830s. They controlled the system of patronage throughout Favorite Answer. Our team will be reviewing your submission and get back to you with any further questions. [36], Bond Head did not believe the reports that stated the severity of resources and discontent gathered by the rebels. Two years later, Upper and Lower Canada were unified. [50] Instead, Mackenzie spent the day burning down the house of Bank of Upper Canada official and questioning the loyalty of his troops. Rebellion: A Novel of Upper Canada. Mackenzie, Duncombe and other rebel leaders fled with about 200 followers to In the end, Black colonists and other loyalists got their wish: the Upper Canada Rebellion collapsed completely and the possibility of annexation vanished. Upon receiving Rolph's message Lount marched a group of rebels into Toronto for December 4. As a result, the rebels would either have a death penalty or be transported to Bermuda/ Australia for 7 years. Governor, ... which had been concentrated in Lower Canada to deal with the crisis. [23] Mackenzie's first plan for rebellion involved calling on Sheldon & Dutcher's men to storm the city hall, where the militia's guns were stored. In Upper Canada alot of them were actually annexationists wanting to become part of the US (you have to remember at this point in history most Upper Canadians were either first or second generation Americans who came there after Lord Simcoe … Much of the investment capital available to Upper Canadians came from banks in Montreal, and much of the wealth of the Lower Canadian merchant elite was derived from activities in Upper Canada or even farther west. the rebellion of 1837-38, why did it happen? As part of this satire, he published a draft republican constitution for the State of Upper Canada that closely resembled the objectives in the constitution of the Canadian Alliance Society in 1834. He also entered into a working relationship with reformers in Lower Canada. In pursuit of this democratic goal, the Chartists eventually staged a similar armed rebellion, the Newport Rising, in Wales in 1839. other  [65] Upon hearing more details about the rebellion in Toronto, Duncombe convened a series of public meetings to spread news of the supposed atrocities committed by Bond Head against all suspected reformers to help increase anti-government support. The 1837 rebellion in Upper Canada was a less violent, more limited affair than the insurrection that same year in neighbouring Lower Canada, although its leaders, including William Lyon Mackenzie, were no less serious in their demands for democratic reform, and an end to the rule of a privileged oligarchy. The impact of the Upper Canadian insurgency is equally debatable. He was a fierce critic of the Family Compact and the government's refusal to give political rights to American settlers. These grievances breathed life into the nascent  The rebellion of upper and lower Canada. After the rebellions, Both Papineau and Mckenzie fled to the United States, leaving their follower rebels to face their punishments. The upper Canada Rebellion also ended quite unsuccessful. It had ferried rebel troops between Detroit and Windsor. The front rank of the rebel force returned fire and then dropped to the ground, to assume a safer firing position. The rebels from Toronto travelled to the United States in groups of two. However, many reformers, including Bidwell, fled to the US. A large number of the settlers were of American origin. Oligarchy. Causes of the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837 Introduction This paper introduces an important pre-Confederation expression of dissent in Upper Canada that can be little known or understood today. [62] Bond Head ordered the tavern to be burned down and the rebels arrested. Upper Canada, later known as Canada West then Ontario in 1867, was originally organized in Districts. [64], News of the intended rebellion had reached London and the surrounding townships by December 7. They wanted democratic reform and an end to the rule of a privileged oligarchy. With the help of American volunteers, the various rebel groups launched raids against Upper Canada. However, the mainstream historical view is that the uprising had limited support and was largely an accident. Five hundred men gathered under the leadership of Charles Duncombe. While it shrank, it became more violent, mainly through the support of the Hunters' Lodges, a secret United States-based militia that emerged around the Great Lakes, and launched the Patriot War in 1838–39. [75] Dent wrote that the rebellion caused England to notice the concerns of Canadian reformers and reconsider their colonial rule of the province. 9 years ago. On 8 December, a force of about 1,000 volunteers loyal to the government dispersed the remaining rebels at Montgomery’s Tavern. The loyalist forces included 120 Black soldiers under the command of Colonel Samuel Jarvis. Prescott in November and at Windsor in early December. However, its leaders, including William Lyon Mackenzie, were equally serious in their demands. On January 13, 1838, under attack by British armaments, the rebels fled. [44] Another horseman saw the rebel's march into Toronto and notified Fitzgibbon, who tried unsuccessfully to have officials take action. government. He openly assisted the conservatives in winning the election of 1836. This became the organizational structure for the Rebellion and most of the rebel organizers were elected Constitutional Convention delegates. leaders, such as Robert Baldwin, to reshape the reform movement along The Early American Republic and the 1837–38 Canadian Rebellions. In 1837, however, Mackenzie was emboldened by the insurgency in Lower Canada and the transfer of all British troops there from Upper Canada. As a result, the rebels would either have a death penalty or be transported to Bermuda/ Australia for 7 years. [76] He thought the rebellion hastened the changes Reformers advocated by drawing attention to the province from the Colonial Office and the production of the Durham Report. The Rebellions of 1837 92 resolutions -it was a list that consisted of all the grievances in Lower Canada -The Patriotes took it directly to London for approval William Lyon Mackenzie What Caused the rebellion in Upper Canada? [citation needed], The Reformers were incensed at the debt that the Family Compact incurred as the results of general improvements to the province, such as the Welland Canal. Although Lount wanted to launch an attack that night, other rebels leaders rejected that plan so that the troops could rest after their march and they could get information from Rolph about the status of rebels who lived in Toronto. If Bond refused, they would declare independence from the British Empire. [19] He appealed to the people's desire to maintain part of the British Empire and a paternalistic attitude of the Crown providing goods for the people. [33] After the Battle of Saint-Denis Fitzgibbon prepared a list of men that he could contact personally if a rebellion began in Toronto. The rebellion led directly to Lord Durham's Report on the Affairs of British North America, and to The British North America Act, 1840, which partially reformed the British provinces into a unitary system, leading to the formation of Canada as a nation in 1867. [58], The government organised a council of war and agreed to attack the rebels on December 7. His report eventually led to greater autonomy in the Canadian colonies and the union of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada in 1840. He was wounded in an ensuing battle and taken to the tavern, where he died several hours later in severe pain. the Durham Report. 2010-10-27 23:03:50. It had been supplying Mackenzie’s forces and was set adrift over the falls. [43], A loyalist named Robert Moodie saw the large gathering at Montgomery's Tavern and rode towards Toronto to warn the officials. In their fear and confusion, they turned and ran. [10], The Upper Canada Central Political Union was organized in 1832–33 by Dr Thomas David Morrison and collected 19,930 signatures on a petition protesting William Lyon Mackenzie's expulsion from the House of Assembly. With the support of Americans who wished to liberate Canada from British rule, Mackenzie took control of Navy Island in the Niagara River, The British Reform movement, organized as "Political Unions," had achieved the Great Reform Bill of 1832 which broadened the electoral franchiseand helped eliminate political corruption. It received a temporary surge in popularity as a result. Top Answer. Mackenzie gathered reformers on July 28 and 31, 1837 to discuss their grievances with the government. [37] The mayor of Toronto refused to ring the City Hall bell if a rebellion began because he felt Fitzgibbon was causing unnecessary concern over a possible revolt. These policies favoured recent emigrants from Britain and the Church of England and its supporters over [55] Morrison was arrested and charged with treason while Rolph sent a letter encouraging Mackenzie to send the rebels home then fled to the United States. As a member of the Legislative Assembly, This was able to take away any differences of the two cultures, English and French. Wealthy ruling group who controlled Upper Canada. The 1837 rebellion in Upper Canada was a less violent, more limited than Lower Canada rebellion, although its leaders,William Lyon Mackenzie, was no less serious in their demands for reform, and an end to the rule of a oligarchy. Over 800 people were arrested after the rebellion for being Reform sympathisers. The Upper Canada Rebellion also ended quite unsuccessful. They prepared a petition to the Crown protesting the abuses, carried to London by Charles Duncombe, but the Colonial Office refused to hear him. ...Dannicah S. Blk 2.3 Rebellion of 1837 After learning about the rebellion of 1837 and constantly taking notes, I realized the rebellion was not successful in overturning the government but it did unite both Upper and Lower Canada together. There are many different factors that contributed to the 1873 rebellions of upper and lower Canada. One fifth of British immigrants to Upper Canada were impoverished and most immigrant farmers lacked the capital to pay for purchased land. just upriver from the falls. Lount and the riflemen marched to find the rebels who fled and found Mackenzie trying to convince the rebels to continue their path towards Toronto. However, he succeeded in helping to cause the rebellion. Rolph and Morrison were reluctant about the plan so Mackenzie sought Anthony Van Egmond to help lead the armed forces. Thus, responsible government became a "pragmatic" policy of alleviating local abuses, rather than a revolutionary anti-colonial moment. It recommended that the Canadas be united into one colony. [7] Lacking the minimum capital needed to found the bank, the corporate leaders persuaded the government to subscribe for a quarter of its shares. [46] As they were approaching Montgomery's Tavern Powell mortally shot Anthony Anderson in the neck and escaped back to Toronto to report to Bond Head. [42] The men gathered at Montgomery's Tavern but were disappointed at the lack of preparation and the failure of the Lower Canada rebels. Mackenzie printed the declaration in his newspaper and toured communities north of Toronto to encourage citizens to make similar declarations. The Rebellion was, rather, the unintended consequence of a sophisticated political movement that copied the organizational forms of the British Reform movement. In March 1837 the Tories passed a law making it cheaper to sue farmers by allowing city merchants to sue in the middle of harvest. Instead, they decided to wait for Anthony Van Egmond to lead the rebellion into Toronto. The meeting created the Committee of Vigilance and signed a declaration urging every community to send delegates to a congress in Toronto and discuss remedies for their concerns. He proclaimed a republic of Upper Canada. Fraser, “’The Waste that Lies Before Me’: The Public and the Private Worlds of Robert Baldwin,”. After the rebellions, Both Papineau and McKenzie fled to the United States, leaving their follower rebels to face their punishments. (Late Loyalists were American-born settlers who had migrated to Upper Canada prior to the War of 1812. [11] The Reformers won a majority in the elections held in 1834 for the Legislative Assembly of the 12th Parliament of Upper Canada but the Family Compact held the majority in the Legislative Council. Signing up enhances your TCE experience with the ability to save items to your personal reading list, and access the interactive map. Mackenzie was a Scottish-born politician and newspaper publisher. His temperament and conviction led him to the point where he not only advocated armed rebellion against the colonial government but led it. William Lyon Mackenzie was a fiery and vocal critic of the Upper Canadian system in the 1820's and 30's. Lount and Mackenzie asked that this offer be presented in a written document and a convention be organised to discuss the province's policies. Reform movement. [50] Rolph and Robert Baldwin met the rebel troops at Gallows Hill and stated the government's proposal of full amnesty to the rebels if they dispersed immediately. There was also popular opposition to land-granting practices. [61] The armed forces were split into two companies and went to fields on both sides of Yonge Street. Tundra Rob. In fact, they brought Britain and the US to the verge of war. he first sought to pressure the government by organizing a network of political unions and a boycott of imported goods. Terms in this set (11) Family Compact. [26] Farmers organised target practice sessions and forges in the Home District and Simcoe County created weapons for the rebellion. The Upper Canada Rebellion is sometimes dismissed as a "farmers' revolt," an opportunistic action by misled backwoodsmen. They obtained supplies from supporters in the United States, resulting in British reprisals (see Caroline affair). A second confrontation took place a few days later near Brantford. It was felt hardest by the colony's farmers. Colonel Allan MacNab, who had just finished leading Upper Canadian militiamen during the Battle of Montgomery's Tavern, was sent to engage Duncombe's uprising. by Marianne Brandis. This led to the introduction of what became known as responsible government. and moderate reformers such as Robert Baldwin, were defeated. Lv 7. Though poorly organized and easily crushed, the raids kept the border in a constant state of turmoil. They controlled the system of patronagethroughout the colony and used political office and influence to further their own business interests. [24], The Upper Canada legislature refused to pass a supply bill in 1836 after Bond Head refused to implement responsible government reforms. Alternative Title: Rebellions of 1837–38. of politicians and officials known as the Family Compact. It is estimated that there were between 400 and 500 rebels who assembled under Duncombe.[66]. Their objective was to engage a smaller force of armed government loyalists and militia. Hamilton, Sandwich (Windsor) and along the border in the Niagara region.). The more extreme elements in the Reform movement then began to mobilize under the leadership of William Lyon Mackenzie. There are immediate causes and long term factors that influenced the uprising of these rebellions. and  Without it, however, the Upper Canadian revolt probably would not [18], Unlike previous Lt. Governors, Bond Head actively supported Tory candidates and utilized Orange Order violence in order to ensure their election. A form of government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite. Bond Head was recalled in late 1837 and replaced with Sir George Arthur who arrived in Toronto in March 1838. [56], On Wednesday morning Peter Matthews arrived at the tavern with sixty men, but Mackenzie could still not convince the rebel forces to march towards Toronto. the colony and used political office and influence to further their own business interests. [67] The victorious Tory supporters burned homes and farms of known rebels and suspected supporters. Many were non-conformist in their religious views and somewhat republican in their political leanings.) [39] Government officials met at the Lieutenant Governor's residence on December 2 to discuss how to stop rumours of a rebellion. The large number of migrants led American legislators to speculate that bringing Upper Canada into the American fold would be a "mere matter of marching". In Upper Canada the 1836 elections had been marred by political violence and fraud organized by the new Lt. These policies favoured r… Most banks – including the Bank of Upper Canada – suspended payments by July 1837 and successfully obtained government support while ordinary farmers and the poor did not. The rebels without arms were sent to the tavern with their prisoners. The rebellion itself failed, but its very failure helped pave the way for moderate and careful political change in British North America. The meeting created the Committee of Vigilance and signed a declaration urging every community to send delegates to a congress in Toronto and discuss remedies for their concerns. Some historians suggest that although they were not directly successful or large, the rebellions in 1837 should be viewed in the wider context of the late 18th and early 19th century Atlantic Revolutions including the American Revolutionary War in 1776, the French Revolution of 1789–99, the Haitian Revolution of 1791–1804, the Irish Rebellion of 1798, and the independence struggles of Spanish America (1810–1825). Bond Head then refused to pass any legislation from that government session including major public works projects. incursions in the southwest. [12] The Canadian Alliance Society was reborn as the Constitutional Reform Society in 1836, and led by the more moderate reformer, Dr William W. Baldwin. With the British minority in Lower Canada Consequences of Rebellion in Lower Canada: Causes of the rebellion in Lower Canada. The rebels continued their raids into Canada using the U.S. as a base of operations and, in cooperation with the U.S. Hunters' Lodges, dedicated themselves to the overthrow of British rule in Canada. [73] Other rebels were also sentenced to hang and ninety-two men were sent to Van Diemen's Land. The Compact dominated the running of the government. The rebels’ loss of the Anne ended their This view holds that the rebellion was caused by the inexcusable partisanship of lieutenant-governor  The Upper Canada Rebellion was an insurrection against the oligarchic government of the British colony of Upper Canada (present-day Ontario) in December 1837. [62], The government forces also split into two companies when the rebels fired upon them. The rebellions in both Upper and Lower Canada led directly to the appointment of Lord Durham and (Hundreds of Black Canadians volunteered They formed several fighting units — known as “Coloured Corps” — in Chatham, [38], A Tory supporter obtained a copy of Mackenzie's declaration and showed it to authorities in Toronto. Reformist leaders such as Marshall Spring Bidwell, who had been Speaker of the Assembly, Why did the Upper Canada Rebellion start? This included the union of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada and the eventual introduction of responsible government. 'S land view is that the enemy had left the battlefield happen without being... The Waste that Lies Before Me ’: the Early American Republic and US. 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To Bermuda/ Australia for 7 years it, however, the rebels and one —. Own business interests county boundaries existed -- however administration, courts and other rebel fled... Political, and access the interactive map Legislative Assembly in 1828 and again in 1834 including the to. North American colonists and find a way to appease the reformers in the autumn of.... On the campaign for responsible government to save items to your personal reading list, and access the interactive.. Was worsened in Upper and Lower Canada, [ 70 ] so that reported., its leaders, including the choice to swear allegiance to the United States they agreed to attack government. 'S declaration and showed it to authorities in Toronto a safer firing position and replaced with Sir George who... A constant state of turmoil for nearly a year he persuaded his more radical followers to the rebellions change... Towards Confederation to rise up as well eventually staged a similar revolution was needed in Upper Canada insisted without. Asked that this offer be presented in a sarcastic tone that belittled reformers Britain — a... Estimated that there were between 400 and 500 rebels who assembled under Duncombe. [ 66.! Company of men that formed to defend the government troops Yonge Street that tried... Threat of annexation by the new Lt at Fort Henry and travelled to the rule a... To many more executions, deaths and deportations than the original uprising forces and was led by Robert Nelson Louis-Joseph!

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