Guru Tegh Bahadur was a ninth of ten Gurus who founded the Sikh religion and he was head of the followers of Sikhism from 1665 until his beheading in 1675. Guru Tegh Bahadur is worshipped as the ninth of the ten gurus revered in the Sikh culture. Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh guru, whose death anniversary was observed on Saturday, was cremated at Gurudwara Rakab Ganj. [23], During his travels, Guru Tegh Bahadur spread the Sikh ideas and message, as well as started community water wells and langars (community kitchen charity for the poor). For example, in Sorath rag, Guru Tegh Bahadur describes what an ideal human being is like,[22]. [11], Gurdwara Sisganj Sahib in Punjab marks the site where in November 1675, the head of the martyred Guru Teg Bahadar which was brought by Bhai Jaita (renamed Bhai Jiwan Singh according to Sikh rites) in defiance of the Mughal authority of Aurangzeb was cremated here. In 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur was beheaded publicly in the Chandni Chowk market, a market square close to the Red fort. Guru Tegh Bahadur is the ninth Guru of the Sikhs community. Related Articles. They travelled to their sacred temple Amarnath for prayers. [43] Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib, also in Delhi, is built on the site of the residence of a disciple of Teg Bahadur, who burned his house to cremate his master's body. When asked by his followers who would lead them after him, he replied Baba Bakala, meaning his successor was to be found in Bakala. Satish Chandra cautions that this was the "official justification", which historically can be expected to be full of evasion and distortion to justify official action. One hundred and fifteen of his hymns are in Guru Granth Sahib. [9][28] In 1672, Tegh Bahadur traveled through Kashmir and the North-West Frontier, to meet the masses, as the persecution of non-Muslims reached new heights. According to records written by his son Guru Gobind Singh, the Guru had resisted persecution and had adopted and promised to protect Kashmiri Hindus. [3][4] Guru Tegh Bahadur refused, and he and his associates were arrested. About Guru Tegh Bahadur: Guru Tegh Bahadur had resisted forced conversions of non-Muslims to Islam during Aurangzeb’s rule; He was publicly killed in 1675 on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi. Before Guruji left his body, he had nominated his son, Gobind Rai, who became the 10th Guru of the Sikhs. [30] After his refusal to perform a miracle, he was asked to convert to Islam. Guru Tegh Bahadur was born at Amritsar in 1621 and was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind. [14][15], In the 1640s, nearing his death, Guru Hargobind and his wife Nanki moved to his ancestral village of Bakala in Amritsar district, together with Tegh Bahadur and Mata Gujri. Who killed Guru Tegh Bahadur? Guru Tegh Bahadur, who was born in Amritsar, is remembered as the man who championed the rights for religious freedom. He was born at Amritsar in 1621 and was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind. In this fight, he was killed by Guru Ji. He is the ninth guru in the lineage of Sikh saints. [3][1] According to J.S. [3] The Sikh movement was rapidly growing in the rural Malwa region of Punjab, and the Guru was openly encouraging Sikhs to, "be fearless in their pursuit of a just society: he who holds none in fear, nor is afraid of anyone, is acknowledged as a man of true wisdom", a statement recorded in the Guru Granth Sahib p. [17], In August 1664 a Sikh Sangat arrived in Bakala and anointed Tegh Bahadur as the ninth guru of Sikhs. He went from one claimant to the next making his obeisance and offering two gold coins to each Guru, believing that the right guru would know that his silent promise was to gift 500 coins for his safety. He was born in Amritsar, Punjab, India in 1621 and was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind Sahib, the sixth Sikh guru. The youngest son of Guru Hargobind, he was publicly killed … He sacrificed his life in order to protect religion and humanity. Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਤੇਗ ਬਹਾਦੁਰ) (Wednesday, April 18, 1621 - Wednesday, November 24, 1675) was the ninth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on Saturday, 16 April 1664 following in the footsteps of his grand-nephew, Guru Har Krishan. Hinduism”). He was born on April 01, 1621 in a family of revolutionaries, social activists and reformers, who sacrificed their lives for justice, equality, tolerance and oppression. Tegh Bahadur was married on 3 February 1633 to Mata Gujri. Guru Tegh Bahadur traveled extensively in different parts of the country, including Dhaka and Assam, to preach the teachings of Nanak, the first Sikh guru. Check here some facts about the 9th guru of the Sikhs. [3][1] Guru Tegh Bahadur was martyred, along with fellow devotees Bhai Mati Dass, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala. Every "guru" he met accepted the 2 gold coins and bid him farewell. Guru Tegh Bahadur Martyrdom Day: The day is also marked as Shaheed Diwas. The royal waqia navis (news reporter and intelligence agent) wrote to the Emperor Alamgir [Aurangzeb] of their manner of activity, added that if their authority increased they could become even refractory. They were persuaded to convert … Taking advantage of the ambiguity in the words of the dying Guru, many installed themselves in Bakala, claiming themselves as the new Guru. Guru Tegh Bahadur did not succumb to the pressures exerted on him, and eventually, he was killed publicly in 1675 on Aurangzeb's orders. [9][1][27], The main substantive record, however, comes from Guru Tegh Bahadur's son, Guru Gobind Singh, in his composition Bachittar Natak. [29], In 1675 Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed in Delhi on 24 November under the orders of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. MARTYRDOM OF GURU TEGH BAHADUR 1675 As ordered by the Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb, the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur was beheaded in Sis Ganj, near Chandi Chowk in Old Delhi, for upholding the refusal of a number of Hindu Kashmiri Brahmins’ to convert to Islam. Some reasons state that he moved around with several thousand followers. Guru Tegh Bahadur had resisted forced conversions of non-Muslims to Islam during Aurangzeb's rule He was publicly killed in 1675 on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi are the sites of his execution and cremation Guru Tegh Bahadur's term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675 Like Guru Har Krishan before him, Guru Tegh Bahadur was accused of being a “pretender to power”. [30][31], According to the official account of the Mughal Empire, written 107 years later by Ghulam Husain of Lucknow in 1782,[33][34]. A number of places are named after the ninth guru of the Sikhs, Guru Teg Bahadur. Next Lawyers’ protest demanding open entry in courts continues unabated . He was also taught the old classics such as the Vedas, the Upanishads, and the Puranas. [32] Guru Tegh Bahadur was kept in jail for four months in Sarhind, then transferred to Delhi in November 1675. In continuation of the centennial birth celebrations of the learned scholar, World Sikh News takes pride in publishing another essay of Bhai Sahib Sirdar Kapur Singh. Guru Tegh Bahadur was the fifth and the youngest son of Guru Har Gobind and was born on first of April, 1621 to Mata Nanaki at Amritsar, Guru ke Mahal. Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu in his message tweeted, "My respectful tributes to Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji on his martyrdom day today. [1], After the execution of Tegh Bahadar by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, a number of Sikh temples were built in his and his associates' memory. Thereafter, states Grewal, he was publicly beheaded in Chandni Chowk, a market square close to the Red Fort. [49][50][51], The execution hardened the resolve of Sikhs against Muslim rule and the persecution. jagg tey rahey nirasa, kaam krodh jeh parsai nahin the ghatt brahma niwasa Hindu temples faced demolition and were turned into mosques and non-Hindus were made to pay higher taxes, according to a BBC report. Tegh Bahadur was the second Sikh guru to be assassinated at the hands of a Mughal emperor. As such, it is a classic Hindutva proof of the Hinduness of Sikhism, though it is also a classic neo-Sikh proof of the “secularism” of Sikhism (“showing concern even for people of […] [12], Tegh Bahadur was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind, the sixth guru: Guru Hargobind had one daughter, Bibi Viro, and five sons: Baba Gurditta, Suraj Mal, Ani Rai, Atal Rai, and Tyaga Mal. He came to be known by the name Tegh Bahadur (Mighty of the Sword), given to him by Guru Hargobind after he had shown his valor in a battle against the Mughals. Guru ji kindly welcomed them to the house of the Guru. "Tributes to the epitome of bravery, courage & sacrifice, the great Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji on the day commemorating his martyrdom. Ghulam Muhiuddin Bute Shah said that "Ram Rai represented to the Emperor that Guru Tegh Bahadur was very proud of his spiritual greatness and that he would not realize his fault unless he was punished. The Sangat was led by Diwan Durga Mal, and a formal "Tikka ceremony" was performed by Baba Gurditta, elder brother of Guru Tegh Bahadur, conferring Guruship on Him. The long-standing controversy over the Sikh calendar is all set to loom over ninth Sikh master Guru Tegh Bahadur’s 400th birth anniversary celebrations scheduled next year. [22] They cover a wide range of topics, such as the nature of God, human attachments, body, mind, sorrow, dignity, service, death, and deliverance. He built the city of Anandpur Sahib and was responsible for saving the Kashmiri Pandits, who were being persecuted by the Mughals. He preferred prolonged spells of seclusion and contemplation. Guru Tegh Bahadur (Punjabi: [gʊɾuː t̯eːgᵊ bəɦaːd̯ʊɾᵊ]; 1 April 1621 – 24 November 1675) was the ninth of ten Gurus of the Sikh religion.He was born at Amritsar in 1621 and was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind.His term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675. Upon refusing, the Guru was executed under the orders of the then Mughal ruler Aurangzeb on November 24, 1675. Sikh tradition records that Makhan Shah, a trader, had been caught by a violent storm at sea and in his distress vowed to give the Sikh… India: Early history. Ram Rai also suggested that Guru Tegh Bahadur is asked to appear before the Emperor to work a miracle; if he failed, he could be put to death." Guru Tegh Bahadur was the youngest of the five sons of Guru Hargobind, and was born in 1621 CE. Tegh Bahadur gave him his blessings and remarked that his offering was considerably short of the promised five hundred. He travelled across the country with the teachings of Guru Nanak - the first Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur had set up community kitchens and wells for the local people wherever he went, Anandpur Sahib, the famous holy city and a global tourist attraction in the foothills of Himalayas, was founded by Guru Tegh Bahadur. pic.twitter.com/dCI6esMCFG, "Give up your head, but forsake not those whom you have undertaken to protect. Go to him He will protect your religion and your honor." He was originally named Tyag Mal (Punjabi: ਤਿਆਗ ਮਲ) but was later renamed Tegh Bahadur after his gallantry and bravery in the wars against the Mughal forces. Aurangzeb was a "murderer" who killed Guru Tegh Bahadur and tortured Guru Gobind Singh's sons, Sirsa said. [20], Guru Tegh Bahadur contributed many hymns to Granth Sahib including the Saloks, or couplets near the end of the Guru Granth Sahib. Labana gifted Tegh Bahadur the usual offering of two gold coins. Grewal, a scholar of Sikh history, Guru Tegh Bahadur decided to confront the religious persecution of Kashmiri Brahmins by the Mughal officials. After Guru Hargobind's death, Tegh Bahadur continued to live in Bakala with his wife and mother. [30] There he was asked to perform a miracle to prove his nearness to his God. Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi are the sites of his execution and cremation. He refused. pic.twitter.com/wMbaJOShF2, Today remember #GuruTeghBahadur's martyrdom. A wealthy trader, Baba Makhan Shah Labana, had once prayed for his life and had promised to gift 500 gold coins to the Sikh Guru if he survived. It was compiled by the … He began shouting from the rooftop, "Guru ladho re, Guru ladho re" meaning "I have found the Guru, I have found the Guru". Bhai Sahib Sirdar Kapur Singh. Share 0. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s martyrdom is usually interpreted as an act of self-sacrifice for the sake of the Kashmiri Pandits threatened with forced conversion. He neither speaks ill of others nor feels elated by praise and shuns greed, attachments, and arrogance. It is obvious, that, he inherited the human rights genes from his elders. His term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675. Guru Gobind Singh Ji himself, about whose altogether reliable testimony and credibility, no reasonable doubts can be raised, tells us in Bachitranaatak (1686), that his father, “broke the pitcher of his mortal . [3][9][10] Sikh holy premises Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi mark the places of execution and cremation of Guru Tegh Bahadur. This Wikipedia article indicates that he was executed because the ruler wanted to strengthen his grip on power:. He was born in Amritsar, Punjab, India in 1621 and was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind Sahib, the sixth Sikh guru. [47] After beheading Kushal Singh Dahiya the villagers shuffle the heads and give the head of Kushal Singh Dahiya to Mughal army. He there helped end the war between Raja Ram Singh of Bengal and Raja Chakardwaj of Ahom state (later Assam). [33] According to Surjit Gandhi, the account by Ghulam Husain suffers from serious inaccuracies and is historically wrong, as Hafiz Adam had left India and died at Medina in 1643. Sikh tradition states that the guru stood up for the rights of Kashmiri Pandits who approached him to intercede on their behalf with the emperor and ask him to revoke a recently imposed jizya (tax) and was publicly killed in 1675 on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi for himself refusing Mughal rulers and defying them. While the date is … He is regarded as the most selfless martyr and his martyrdom is observed on 24th November every year as Guru Tegh Bahadur Martyrdom Day. Yes. Guru Tegh Bahadur (Punjabi: [gʊɾuː t̯eːgᵊ bəɦaːd̯ʊɾᵊ]; 1 April 1621 – 11 November 1675)[7][8] was a ninth of ten Gurus who founded the Sikh religion and he was head of the followers of Sikhism from 1665 until his beheading in 1675. The Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib in Chandni Chowk, Delhi, was built over where he was beheaded. People across the country are paying homage to the great Sikh Guru who was an embodiment of humility and transcended all barriers of caste, creed, race, religion and gender. [9] 24 November, the date of his martyrdom, is observed in certain parts of India as a public holiday. Pashaura Singh states that, "if the martyrdom of Guru Arjan had helped bring the Sikh Panth together, Guru Tegh Bahadur's martyrdom helped to make the protection of human rights central to its Sikh identity". The youngest of the five sons of the sixth Sikh guru, Guru Hargobind, he was trained in the martial arts of swordsmanship and horse riding from a young age. Tyaga Mal was born in Amritsar in the early hours of 1 April 1621. ................................ Advertisement ................................ Guru Tegh Bahadur Martyrdom Day: Know All About The Great Sikh Guru, "IAS Backdoor Entry" Claim On Speaker Om Birla's Daughter Fact-Checked, "Never Underestimate The Indians": Justin Langer's Lesson From Series, "Good Evening From The Gabba": Ashwin Has Last Laugh In Banter With Paine, Fight Against Covid In "Final Stage": Amit Shah As Vaccination Drive Begins, AAP Wins 70 Seats Across 13 Districts In Maharashtra Panchayat Polls, "No Chance": Tamil Nadu Chief Minister On VK Sasikala Rejoining AIADMK, Parakram Diwas: Subhas Chandra Bose 125th Birth Anniversary - Key Points, Lesser Bloating And 7 Other Reasons Why Sugarcane Juice Is The Green Nectar You Must Have Regularly, "Life Goes On:" Minissha Lamba On Separation, Moving On And More, This website follows the DNPA Code of Ethics, Guru Tegh Bahadur had resisted forced conversions of non-Muslims to Islam during Aurangzeb's rule, He was publicly killed in 1675 on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi, Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi are the sites of his execution and cremation, Guru Tegh Bahadur's term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675, In the Guru Granth Sahib, there are one hundred and fifteen hymns of Guru Tegh Bahadur, Guru Tegh Bahadur is remembered for his selfless service to people. Today is Guru Tegh Bahadur's 345th Martyrdom Day. They looked sad. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s martyrdom is usually interpreted as an act of self-sacrifice for the sake of the Kashmiri Pandits threatened with forced conversion. – Sirdar Kapur Singh. Let us tell you that the place where Guru Tegh Bahadur beheaded by the Mughal Emperor is located at the same place in Delhi today, Shishganj Gurudwara and Guru Tegh Bahadur was born on 18 April 1621 in Amritsar. Guru Tegh Bahadur's death anniversary: The ninth of the 10 gurus of the Sikh religion, Guru Tegh Bahadur died on this day, November 24, in the year 1675. He is neither attached to the worldliness nor lets senses and anger affect him. Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of the Sikhs, sacrificed his life for the welfare of people on November 24, 1675. The Ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur (1 April 1621 – 24 November 1675) is an example of supreme sacrifice. He was arrested and was forced to convert to Islam. The site of his execution was later turned into an important Gurdwara . Guru Tegh Bahadur spoke out amid this persecution. His name means ‘Mighty of Sword’, and his father foresaw that he would become his successor as Guru in due course. Almost 70 years earlier, in 1606, Guru Arjan, the fifth Sikh guru, was killed by … Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on the orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi. During the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangazeb, Islam was imposed on all. Emperor Aurangzeb, ordered Guru Tegh Bahadur’s execution after a number of interviews with the Guru in which the fundamental principles of the Mughal state policy came under discussion, as to, As the seat of the Sikh Gurus, and with its connection to Sikhs in far-flung areas of the country through the chains of Masands or missionaries, it had developed the characteristics of state capital. Not just a principled and fearless warrior, he was a learned spiritual scholar and poet whose 115 hymns are included in Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the main text of Sikhism. [38][39], The associates of the Guru were also tortured for refusing to convert: Bhai Mati Das was sawn into pieces and Bhai Dayal Das was thrown into a cauldron of boiling water, and Bhai Sati Das was burned alive, while Guru Tegh Bahadur was held inside a cage to watch his colleagues suffer. Tegh Bahadur, the eighth successor of (Guru) Nanak became a man of authority with a large number of followers. Aurangzeb dreamed of an Islamic India. He was executed, after being tortured for a long time, for steadfastly refusing to convert to Islam for the sake of saving his life, by being beheaded in public at Chandni Chowk on 11 November 1675. He received effective training in archery and horsemanship as well as in the classic teachings of the Sikh traditions. His son Guru Gobind Singh, who would be the tenth Sikh guru, was born in Patna, while he was away in Dhubri, Assam in 1666, where stands the Gurdwara Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib. He was told that if he is successful in converting Kashmiri Pandits to Islam, the whole of India would convert. He was a cruel man who killed his elder brother for the throne, tortured his own children and had starved his father to death. On the 11th November 1675 at Delhi, Guru Tegh Bahadur, the 9th Guru of the Sikhs was beheaded by Aurangzeb. Every year on November 24, Sikhs celebrate Shaheedi Divas to remember Guru Tegh Bahadur and the day is observed as his Martyrdom Day. pic.twitter.com/a8yBnjFZQu, My tribute to Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji on his martyrdom day.He will always be remembered for his sacrifice & selfless service to humanity. Guru Tegh Bahadur - the ninth of the ten Gurus of the Sikhism - was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind. Guru Tegh Bahadur is also called as “Hind Di Chadar”. 1427. This victory against heavy odds destroyed the myth of Mughal invincibility. Brief History of Guru Tegh Bahadur: Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth Guru of Sikhs . [48], Tegh Bahadur has been remembered for giving up his life for freedom of religion, reminding Sikhs and non-Muslims in India to follow and practice their beliefs without fear of persecution and forced conversions by Muslims. GURU TEGH BAHADUR The 9th Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur became the Guru of the Sikhs at a time when the Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb's policy of religious intolerance and persecution had antagonised vast sections of is subjects. Guru Teg Bahadur chose to get beheaded on 24 November 1675 over conversion into Islam on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Delhi. "People need to be reminded of Aurangzeb's bloody past on … A third visit concluded a fairly extensive journey through the northwest Indian subcontinent. In his message, the Lt Governor said, “I bow to Dhan Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib Ji, Guru Ji’s sacrifice for upholding the principle of freedom of conscience and vision for inclusive society will be remembered till eternity” “Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji taught us about humanity, equality, courage, sacrifice, dignity, and religious freedom. He was born at Amritsar in 1621 and was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind. Let us tell you that the place where Guru Tegh Bahadur beheaded by the Mughal Emperor is located at the same place in Delhi today, Shishganj Gurudwara and Guru Tegh Bahadur was born on 18 April 1621 in Amritsar. [18], As had been the custom among Sikhs after the execution of Guru Arjan by Mughal Emperor Jahangir, Guru Tegh Bahadur was surrounded by armed bodyguards. [30] According to Purnima Dhavan – a scholar of South Asian history and Mughal Empire, the Mughal administration kept a close watch on his activities. Guru Tegh Bahadur is also called as “Hind Di Chadar”. Follow our special coverage of Coronavirus pandemic in India and get news updates from around the world. In 1636, Guru Hargobind Ji made a sudden visit to Goindwal Sahib to be with Bhai Gurdas Ji -the key exponent of Guru Granth Sahib, whose end was approaching. [46] A villager named Kushal Singh Dahiya came ahead and offers his own head in the place of Guru's head to Mughal army. Today, the nation is commemorating the death anniversary of Guru Tegh Bahadur.On November 24, he got beheaded by Mughal emperor Aurangzeb.. Also Read: The mastermind of Mumbai Bomb Blast and a Member of Lashkar-e-Taiba Group Hafiz Saeed Sentenced to 10 Years of … The Sikh Gurus Tegh Bahadur, beheaded by Aurangzeb in 1675 for refusing to convert, and his son Govind Singh, who founded the military Khalsa order and whose four sons were killed by the Moghul troops, are very popular in Hindutva glorifications of national heroes'. Guru Tegh Bahadur is often referred to as Hind Ki Chadar, meaning the Shield of India. Tweet. Not just a principled and fearless warrior, he was a learned spiritual scholar and poet whose 115 hymns are included in Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the main text of Sikhism. Guru Tegh Bahadur was born as Tyag Mal on 1 April 1621 in Amritsar, India, to the sixth Sikh guru, Guru Hargobind and Mata Nanaki. I call upon all to imbibe his teachings in our life, he said. Often referred to as Hind Ki Chadar, which means Shield of India, Guru Tegh Bahadur is considered as the most selfless martyr. Guru Tegh Bahadur was arrested, on orders of Aurungzeb, at village Mallikpur Rangran on 12 July 1675 with his three companions, Dewan Mati Das, Sati Das and Dyal Das.